The optimization design for cathodic protection of complex structures is a difficult problem in practical engineering. To solve this problem, both barrier and absorption current shield effects of the area of submarine' s superstructure were calculated by using the technique of numerical simulation based on boundary element method ( BEM). The results showed that the impact of current shield effect in the design for cathodic protection of complex structures changed with the height of the shelter,and the barrier effect would be eliminated when the height was less than a fixed value. Further experiments showed that some devices like air bottles could prevent anode from supplying protection current,thus had a significant impact on protection current shield effect. When devices such as air bottles and metal pipes with high potential were insulated well with the hull, the absorption effect would not be created, while under the insulation failure condition the absorption effect would be created. As a result, the technique of numerical simulation based on boundary element method was an effective way in designing the cathodic protection systems of such complex structures like submarine' s superstructure.%复杂结构的阴极保护优化设计是实际工程中的一个难题,本文采用以边界元法为基础的数值模拟仿真技术,模拟计算潜艇上层建筑区域阻挡式和吸收式2类电流屏蔽效应的影响.研究结果表明,复杂结构阴极保护设计中结构电流屏蔽效应的影响随着遮挡物高度的变化而变化,当该遮挡物小于一定值后,阻挡屏蔽效应影响消除；气瓶等设备对保护电流的屏蔽效应明显,阻碍阳极提供保护电流.气瓶、高电位金属管路等设备与艇体间的绝缘措施良好时,不产生吸收式屏蔽效应；气瓶、高电位金属管路等设备与艇体结构间的绝缘措施失效时,将产生吸收式的屏蔽效应.对于潜艇上层建筑这种非常复杂结构阴极保护系统的设计,基于边界元法的数值仿真是一种有效的方法.
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