为了研究气动弹性对大口径炮弹气动特性和飞行稳定性的影响,利用室内弹道靶道,进行了大口径柔性和刚性炮弹模型的靶道自由飞行试验,利用试验数据判读处理出模型飞行过程中的飞行速度、攻角、进动角、空间质心坐标x,y,z和柔性弹模型的弹性变形量,拟合处理出其主要气动力和力矩系数,对比分析了大口径柔性和刚性炮弹模型的动特性和飞行稳定性.研究结果表明,柔性弹模型的阻力系数明显大于刚性弹模型的阻力系数,柔性弹模型变形后升阻比降低,滚转力矩显著增大；根据拍摄的闪光阴影照片和数据处理得到的章动曲线可看出,柔性弹的弹性变形对弹丸稳定性有较大影响,导致弹丸飞行不稳定.%In order to investigate the aeroelastic influences on the aerodynamic performance and flight stability of a large diameter projectile, free-flight experiments on both the flexible projetile and rigid projectile model are performed in our interior ballistic range. Many groups of shadowgraphs for these two kinds of projectiles during flight tests were taken and one of those typical results is shown. The projectile flight velocity,angle of attack and precession, flight trajectory of centroid (x, y, z) ,and actual deformation are obtained after the data procession. Moreover,the aerodynamic force and moment coefficients of two kinds of projectiles are presented, their aerodynamic performances and flight stability are compared and analyzed. Our results show that the flexible projectile has larger drag coefficient than the rigid. After the deformation, its lift to drag ratio decreases and its rotation moment increases obviously. Based on the nutation curve obtained from both shadowgraphs and data processing, the elastic deformation of the flexible projectile has remarkable influence on its flight stability which can induce the flight instability.
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