对水饱和与空气饱和开孔泡沫铝进行水下吸声性能实验研究,比较了厚度和3种不同背衬(空气背衬、水背衬和钢背衬)对其吸声性能的影响.实验发现,在500 ～4 000 Hz范围内,空气饱和开孔泡沫铝水下吸声性能相对较好,水饱和开孔泡沫铝的水下吸声性能很弱.厚度和背衬对空气饱和开孔泡沫铝的吸声性能影响明显,对水饱和开孔泡沫铝的吸声性能影响很小.水饱和开孔泡沫铝不宜用作水下低频吸声材料,而将空气饱和开孔泡沫铝用作水下吸声材料时,应采取有效的防护措施,避免水渗入内部.否则,开孔泡沫铝吸声性能将严重降低.%Experimental study of underwater sound absorption coefficients of air-saturated and water-saturated open-celled Al foam are carried out. The influences of thickness and three kinds of backings ( air backing, water backing,and steel backing)on underwater sound absorption performance are compared. The results show that the sound absorption performance of air-saturated open-celled Al foam is relatively good within the [ 500,4000 ] Hz frequency range, and that the sound absorption performance of water-saturated open-celled Al foam is relatively poor. The influences of thickness and backings on underwater sound absorption coefficients of air-saturated open-celled Al foam are very large, while the influences of thickness and backings on underwater sound absorption coefficients of water-saturated open-celled Al foam are very small. Water-saturated open-celled Al foam is not a good underwater sound absorption material. When air-saturated open-celled Al foam is used as underwater sound absorption material, some protect measurements must be taken to avoid water penetrating into its inner space. Otherwise, the underwater sound absorption performance of open-celled Al foam will degrade.
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