Objective To investigate the effects of inhalation of sevoflurane on cognitive function in neonatal rats. Methods Forty-eight new bom SD rats were randomly divided into three groups with 16 rats each, the high concentration (H) group inhaled 3% sevoflurane for 6 h, the low concentration (L)group inhaled 1.5% sevoflurane for 6 h, the control group inhaled air. Cognitive function was assessed using Y-maze test at 21 d( I stage) and 60 d( II stage) in each group were randomly taken eight rats after anesthesia, on three consecutive days recording total reaction time and error number. The animals were killed immediately after the last Y-maze test and hippocampus was isolated, and the N-methyl-D-aspartate l(NMDARl) expression was determined using immuno-histochemical technique. Results Total reaction time(TRT) in group H( I stage) Y-maze was longer than that in control group, and error number( EN) increased (P<0.05); While Y-maze( H stage) test scores in each group showed no significant difference; Hippocampal CA1 NMDAR1 expression at I and II stage showed no significant difference. Conclusion Inhalation of sevoflurane can induce transient cognitive decline in early neonatal rats, but shows no significant effect to the expression of NMDAR1.%目的 观察七氟烷麻醉对幼鼠认知功能的影响.方法 将48只新生SD大鼠随机分为三组各16只,高浓度组吸入3％七氟烷6h,低浓度组吸入1.5％七氟烷6h,对照组吸入空气.各组分别于出生后21 d(Ⅰ期)、60d(Ⅱ期)随机取8只行Y型迷宫试验,连续3d记录全天总反应时间(TRT)和错误次数(EN)；于最后一次测试后处死,采用免疫组化染色法测定脑海马CA1区N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸1(NMDAR1)表达情况.结果与 对照组比较,高浓度组试验Ⅰ期T1时TRT延长,EN增加(P＜0.05)；Ⅱ期各组测试成绩差异无统计学意义；各组海马CA1区NMDAR1表达Ⅰ、Ⅱ期差异均无统计学意义.结论 七氟烷麻醉后早期可导致幼鼠一过性认知功能减退,但对NMDAR1表达无明显影响.
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