热敷法预防家兔化疗性静脉炎效果观察及机制探讨

摘要

Objective To observe the effect of fomentation on the prevention of chemotherapy phlebitis,and the influence on the expression of IL-1 in chemotherapy phlebitis model of rabbit ear vein tissue.Methods New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups,8 in each group:the control group and the other four experimental groups.In the four experimental groups,using the marginal ear vein injection drug method to make the rabbit chemotherapy phlebitis models,one side of the rabbit ears was treated by cyclophosphamide,fluorouracil,daunorubicin and vincristine for 4 days and then with fomentation (the experimental ear),the other side was treated by the same chemotherapy drugs for 4 days without fomentation (the control ear).The phlebitis was observed in both ears in 4 days after chemotherapy.Then the rabbit models were killed to obtain marginal ear vein tissues,and the expression of IL-1 was detected by the immunohistochemical method.Results In the experimental group,ear phlebitis incidence was significantly lower in the experimental ear than that in the control ear (P ＜ 0.05) ; the expression level of IL-1 was significantly lower than the control ear (P ＜ 0.05)and compared with the control group,with no significant difference.Conclusion Fomentation has a good effect on preventing the chemotherapy phlebitis,and its mechanism may be associated with the inhibition of IL-1 expression.%目的 观察热敷法对家兔化疗性静脉炎的防治效果并探讨其机制.方法 将新西兰大耳白兔随机分为空白组及实验1、2、3、4组,每组8只.实验1、2、3、4组双侧耳(分别为实验耳及对照耳)耳缘静脉分别注射化疗药物环磷酰胺、氟尿嘧啶、柔红霉素、长春新碱4d,制作化疗性静脉炎模型.实验耳于进针前1～2 min开始对耳缘静脉处热敷,持续到本次化疗结束后10 min,期间监测热敷局部皮肤温度,使其保持在42 ～ 45℃.对照耳不热敷.化疗结束后4d观察实验耳及对照耳静脉炎发生情况；处死家兔,取耳缘静脉组织,采用免疫组化法检测IL-1表达情况.结果 各实验组实验耳静脉炎发生率明显低于对照耳(P均＜0.05)；IL-1表达水平均明显低于对照耳(P均＜0.05),与空白组比较无统计学差异.结论 局部热敷对预防化疗性静脉炎效果确切,其机制可能为抑制局部组织IL-1表达.