目的：观察Smad7及Smad4蛋白在头颈部鳞状细胞癌组织中的表达变化，并探讨其意义。方法采用免疫组化SP法分别对头颈部鳞状细胞癌组织、癌旁组织、活检留取的正常头颈部组织中的Smad7蛋白、Smad4蛋白、TGF-β1表达进行检测，分析三者间表达及其与肿瘤临床病理参数的关系。结果①TGF-β1和Smad7蛋白在肿瘤组织中的表达水平明显高于癌旁组织和正常组织（F分别为5．71、7．31），而Smad4蛋白在肿瘤组织中的表达明显低于癌旁组织和正常组织（F为14．92），P均＜0．05。②随肿瘤分化程度增高，TGF-β1及Smad7蛋白表达呈降低趋势（F分别为11．2、12．8）、Smad4蛋白呈升高趋势（F为7．91），P均＜0．05；Smad4蛋白表达与肿瘤直径呈负相关、Smad7蛋白表达与肿瘤直径呈正相关（P均＜0．05），TGF-β1表达与肿瘤直径无明显相关（P＞0．05）；Smad4蛋白表达在淋巴结转移者明显低于无转移者（P＜0．05），有无淋巴结转移者Smad7蛋白及TGF-β1表达无显著差异（P＞0．05）。③Smad4蛋白表达与TGF-β1呈负相关（r＝-0．32），与Smad7蛋白呈正相关（r＝0．39），P均＜0．05。结论头颈部鳞状细胞癌组织中Smad7、Smad4蛋白表达异常，且可能通过调控上皮-间质转化参与肿瘤的侵袭、分化；检测两者（尤其是Smad4蛋白）可为临床分期、预后评估提供依据。%Objective To observe the expression changes of Smad 4 and Smad7 protein in the squamous-cell carcino-ma of the head and neck and to evaluate the significance .Methods The expression of Smad7 protein, Smad4 protein and TGF-β1 in the squamous-cell carcinoma tissues of the head and neck , adjacent tissues and normal tissues from biopsy was detected by immunohistochemical SP method .The relationships between the three expression and with the clinicopathologi-cal parameters were analyzed .Results ①The expression of TGF-β1 and Smad7 in the tumor tissues was higher than that in the adjacent tissues and normal tissues (F=5.71 and 7.31, respectively), but the expression of Smad4 was significant-ly lower than that of the adjacent tissues and normal tissues (F=14.92), all P<0.05.② With the increase of the de-grees of tumor differentiation , the expression of TGF-β1 and Smad7 protein showed a decreased tendency ( F =11.2, 12.8), while the expression of Smad4 protein showed an increased tendency (F=7.91), all P<0.05.The Smad4 ex-pression was negatively correlated with the diameter of tumor , and Smad7 expression was positively correlated with the di-ameter of tumor (all P<0.05), but no significant correlation was found between the expression of TGF-β1 and diameter of tumor (P>0.05).The expression of the Smad4 protein in lymph node metastasis group was significantly lower than that in non-metastasis group (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in the expression of Smad 7 and TGF-β1 between the two groups (P>0.05).③The Smad4 expression in squamous-cell carcinoma of the head and neck was negatively cor-related with TGF-β1 expression (r=-0.32) and was positively correlated with Smad7 expression, (r=0.39), (all P<0.05).Conclusion The expression of Smad7 and Smad4 is abnormal in the squamous-cell carcinoma tissues of the head and neck, which may be involved in the invasion and differentiation by regulating EMT;The combined detections of the two expression (especially Smad4) can provide basis for clinical staging and prognosis evaluation .
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