国外政府支持重大科技计划或专项组织管理特征分析与借鉴

摘要

Since WWII, due to the success of Manhattan Project of U. S. , it is popular measurement of foreign governments to implement major R&D programs or projects based on the demands of national strategy. The paper analyzed the organization , coordinateness, granting mechanism and evaluation of major R&D program or project in U. S. , EU and Japan. It also gives in the last part of the paper a brief discussion of the organization and management of Chinese major R&D projects.%自第二次世界大战以来,以美国“曼哈顿工程”的成功实施为代表,根据国家战略目标,结合经济社会发展重大需求组织实施科技重大专项计划、重大科技工程或项目已成为国外政府经常采用的做法.对美国、欧盟、日本等主要国家组织实施重大科技计划或专项中的组织协调、资助机制和评估机制等方面的主要特点进行了系统地分析,并在此基础上就我国如何更好地组织实施重大科技专项进行了简单的讨论.