According to the investigation of the history of economic thought, it is found that the preference is one of the cores of eco-nomics. Classical economics believes that the"economic man" has a stable preference:maximizing personal interests. The three cores of the new classical economics are exogeneity of preference, rational choice and equilibrium structure. Behavioral economics argues that preference is endogenous, heterogeneous, and scenario dependent. From the perspective of brain science, neuro-economics is gradual-ly opening the black box of preference. An important conclusion is drawn through the analysis of preference evolution:the development of economics has synchronization with the evolution of preference. The core of economics in different stages is changing, while the change of preference plays a decisive role.%通过考察经济思想史，发现偏好是经济学内核之一。古典经济学认为“经济人”具有稳定的偏好，即自身利益最大化。新古典经济学的三大内核为偏好外生、理性选择和均衡结构。行为经济学则认为，偏好是内生的、异质的和情景依赖的。神经元经济学则从脑科学的视角正逐步将偏好这一黑箱打开。通过偏好演化的梳理，得出一个重要结论：经济学的发展同偏好的演化具有同步性。不同阶段的经济学内核在发生变化，而偏好的变化起了决定性作用。
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