早发冠心病患者临床特点的性别差异分析

摘要

Objective To analyze the gender differences of clinical characteristics in patients with premature coronary heart disease(PCAD). Methods From January 2009 to January 2016,a total of 157 patients with PCAD were selected in the First Department of Cardiology,the First Hospital of Changsha,thereinto 106 cases were male,51 cases were female. General information〔including age,BMI,past medical history(such as family history of PCAD and smoking history),merger diseases (such as hypertension,type 2 diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidaemia)〕,clinical classification〔 including acute coronary syndrome(ACS) and chronic coronary artery disease( CAD)〕,laboratory examination results( including FPG,TC,TG, HDL-C,LDL-C and blood uric acid) and number of stenosed coronary arteries( including single - vessel lesion,double -vessel lesions and triple - vessel lesions). Results No statistically significant differences of age,BMI,positive rate of family history of PCAD or incidence of hyperlipidaemia was found in patients with different gender(P ﹥ 0. 05);positive rate of smoking history of male patients was statistically significantly higher than that of female patients,while incidence of hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus of male patients was statistically significantly lower than that of female patients,respectively(P ﹤ 0. 05). No statistically significant differences of clinical classification was found in patients with different gender ( P ﹥ 0. 05 ). No statistically significant differences of FPG,TC or HDL-C was found in patients with different gender( P ﹥ 0. 05),while TG, LDL-C and blood uric acid of male patients were statistically significantly higher than those of female patients(P ﹤ 0. 05). No statistically significant differences of number of stenosed coronary arteries was found in patients with different gender(P ﹥ 0. 05). Conclusion There were gender differences of clinical characteristics in patients with PCAD,positive rate of smoking history, TG,LDL-C and incidence of hyperuricaemia of male patients are significantly higher than those of female patients,while incidence of hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus is significantly lower,respectively.%目的：分析早发冠心病（PCAD）患者临床特点的性别差异。方法选取长沙市第一医院心内一科2009年1月—2016年1月收治的 PCAD 患者157例，其中男106，女51例。比较不同性别患者一般资料〔包括年龄、体质指数、既往史（PCAD 家族史、吸烟史）、合并症（高血压、2型糖尿病、高脂血症）〕、临床分型〔急性冠脉综合征（ACS）、慢性冠状动脉疾病（CAD）〕、实验室检查指标〔包括空腹血糖、总胆固醇（TC）、三酰甘油（TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、血尿酸〕和冠状动脉病变支数（单支、双支及三支）。结果不同性别患者年龄、体质指数、PCAD 家族史阳性率、高脂血症发生率比较，差异无统计学意义（ P ﹥0.05）；男性患者吸烟史阳性率高于女性，高血压发生率、2型糖尿病发生率低于女性（P ﹤0.05）。不同性别患者临床分型比较，差异无统计学意义（P ﹥0.05）。不同性别患者空腹血糖、TC、HDL-C 比较，差异无统计学意义（ P ﹥0.05）；男性患者 TG、LDL-C、血尿酸高于女性（P ﹤0.05）。不同性别患者冠状动脉病变支数比较，差异无统计学意义（ P ﹥0.05）。结论 PCAD 临床特点存在性别差异，男性患者吸烟史阳性率、TG、LDL-C 及高尿酸血症发生率较高，女性患者高血压、2型糖尿病发生率较高。