选育和利用抗病品种是控制大豆孢囊线虫病的最经济有效方法.本研究通过测定国内外大豆种质资源对大豆孢囊线虫2个生理小种的抗性水平,以期获得抗大豆孢囊线虫的品种与种质资源.2009年9月-2010年6月,采用PVC柱法在温室内鉴定了300份大豆种质资源分别对大豆孢囊线虫(SCN)3号和4号生理小种的抗性.用3号生理小种测定得到了抗性表现免疫的种质资源12份,表现高抗的28份,表现中抗的39份,分别占测试材料的4.0％、9.3％和13.0％；用4号生理小种测定得到了免疫的种质材料8份,高抗的18份和中抗的51份,分别占测试材料的2.7％、6.0％和17.0％.对2个生理小种的毒力差异比较表明,20份大豆种质资源的抗性表现差异明显,4号生理小种的毒力比3号生理小种强.本研究所鉴定出的抗病品种与资源,不仅对农业生产中利用抗病品种合理布局具有指导意义,而且为大豆抗孢囊线虫病的品种培育提供了重要的抗源材料.%Screening and utilization of resistance varieties are the most economic and effective measures for controlling soybean cyst nematode Heterodera glycines (SCN). In order to obtain resistant materials, the evaluation tests were carried out for 300 soybean varieties and germplasms against the races 3 and 4 of SCN by PVC column method in greenhouses from September 2009 to June 2010. The results from the tests of SCN race No. 3 showed that 12 out of 300 soybean varieties and germplasms were immune, among which 28 were high resistance and 39 were medium resistance, accounting for 4.0%, 9.3% and 13.0%, respectively. In tests to SCN race No.4, 8 out of 300 soybean varieties and germplasms were immune, among which 18 were high resistance and 51 were medium resistance, accounting for 2.7%, 6.0% and 17.0%, respectively. The comparison of virulence between SCN race No. 3 and No. 4 revealed obvious difference in 20 soybean varieties and germplasms tested, and the virulence of race No. 4 was stronger than race No. 3. The identified resistant materials from this study could provide useful information for agricultural production and resistance resources for genetic breeding.
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