山西短颈剑线虫（Xiphinema brevicollum）形态与 rDNA 分子特征

摘要

采用浅盘分离法在山西太谷松树根际土壤中分离得到一种剑线虫,通过 Seinhorst 脱水制片后利用显微镜观察其形态特征并进行测量,其主要特征为：雌性虫体经热杀死后呈腹面弯曲的“C”形,体长1.71~2.26 mm,两端渐细；齿针全长127.3~140.8μm；a(体长/体宽)为35.9~51.4μm,b (体长/食道外宽)为5.8~8.7μm,c (体长/尾长)为50.7~103μm。前卵巢与后卵巢长短相近,尾形近似圆锥形。未见雄虫。对该线虫的 rDNA-ITS1,rDNA-ITS2和28S RNA 序列进行扩增、测序及系统进化分析,结合形态学特征进行鉴定,将分离到的剑线虫鉴定为短颈剑线虫(Xiphinema brevicollum ),这是山西首次发现报道剑线虫属的一个种。%In the present study,soil samples were collected from rhizosphere soil of pine trees in Taigu County of Shanxi Province.Nematodes were extracted from soil samples by a modified Baermann funnel method.Specimens used for morphological and morphometric studies were prepared as permanent slides using the Seinhorst’s method. Microscopic observation demonstrated that the female body was usually strongly curved,C-shaped,with the body length of 1.71-2.26 mm and the entire odontostyle length of 127.3-140.8 μm.a (body length/body diameter at mid-body),b (body length/pharyngeal bulb diam.)and c (body length/ tail length)were 35.9 -5 1.4 μm,5.8 -8.7 μm,50.7-103 μm,respectively.The length of anterior uterus was similar to the posterior one.Tail regularly was presented to be short conical.Male was not observed.Based on the morphological characteristic and se-quences of rDNA-ITS1,rDNA-ITS2 and 28S RNA,the nematode was identified to be Xiphinema brevicollum (Nematoda:Longidoridae),which was firstly reported in Shanxi Province.