宁夏灌区玉米平播密植模式下的农田蛾类多样性研究

摘要

为了解宁夏灌区玉米平播密植模式下田间蛾类昆虫的组成及发生时序动态,对灌区玉米田进行灯诱监测,获得蛾类昆虫标本10科42种。明确了该种植模式下蛾类以夜蛾科(Noctuidae)和草螟科(Crambidae)昆虫为主要类群,优势种为旋幽夜蛾(Discestra trifolii )、草地螟(Loxostege sticticalis )、亚洲玉米螟(Ostrinia furnacalis )和小地老虎(Agro-tis ypsilon)。刀夜蛾(Simyra nervosa )为宁夏新记录的种类。8月下旬蛾类群落多样性水平最高,Shannon-Wiener 指数、均匀度指数、丰富度指数及优势度指数依次为2.5098、0.8683、4.4924、0.0899。不同阶段蛾类群落相似性水平均很低,其中以7月上旬与7月中旬相似性水平最高,为0.5263；相异性以6月中旬与7月上旬最高,为0.8889。%A survey was carried out to understand the construction and temporal dynamics of moths under the con-ditions of monoculture and rational high-density planting pattern of maize in Ningxia irrigation areas.A total of 42 species,which belong to 10 families were collected by light trapping during field investigation.Noctuidae and Crambidae were the two main families in the lepidopteran moths trapped by light.Discestra trifolii ,Loxostege sticticalis ,Ostrinia furnacalis and Agrotis ypsilon were dominant species.Moreover,Simyra nervosa was a newly recorded species in Ningxia.The diversity analysis showed that,in late August,the highest Shannon-Wiener in-dex,Pielou index and Margalef index were 2.509 8,0.868 3 and 4.492 4,respectively,but Simpson index was the lowest at 0.089 9.The similarity index were the highest at 0.526 3 between early-July and mid-July,whereas the highest dissimilarity index was 0.888 9,recorded between mid-June and early-July.