甘肃酒泉甘草根际土壤线虫群落多样性研究

摘要

为明确甘肃酒泉地区甘草根际土壤线虫群落特征，于2014年7月和9月，采集甘草根际土壤，利用淘洗－过筛－蔗糖离心法分离线虫，根据线虫形态学特征进行鉴定。结果表明，从甘草根际土壤样品中共分离到植物寄生线虫1目4科5属，非植物寄生线虫4目7科16属。真滑刃属（Aphelenchus）和中杆属（Mesorhabditis）为甘草根际土壤线虫的优势属。与7月份相比，9月份甘草根际土壤线虫个体密度和类群数显著减少，多样性指数（H′）和丰富度指数（SR）降低，且丰富度指数（SR）降幅显著，均匀度指数（J′）显著高于7月份，月份间 PPI／MI 差异显著，表明外界环境及人类活动对甘草土壤线虫功能类群影响较大；瓦斯乐斯卡指标（WI ）为6．55，且7月份显著大于9月份，表明酒泉地区土壤健康指数较高，土壤健康状况良好。%To clarify the community characteristics of soil nematodes in Glycyrrhiza uralensis rhizosphere in Ji-uquan City of Gansu Province,soil nematodes were extracted and identified in July and September,2014.The re-sults showed that 1 order,4 families and 5 genera of nematodes in the G .uralensis rhizosphere belonged to plant-parasitic nematodes and 4 orders,7 families and 16 genera of nematodes belonged to non-plant-parasitic nema-todes.Among them,Aphelenchus and Mesorhabditis were the dominant genera.The individual density,generic number and maturity index of soil nematodes in September were significantly lower than those in July,whereas the Pielou index was significantly higher than that in July.The PPI/MI ratio was significantly different among differ-ent months.The results suggested that external environment and human activity had great influence on functional groups of soil nematodes of G .uralensis .Wasilewska index was 6.55,which indicated the health index of G . uralensis soil in Jiuquan was relatively high,and the soil health condition was fine.