中国葡萄主要品种对葡萄座腔菌的抗性评价

摘要

Wound inoculation method used on detached green shoots was used to identify and evaluate the resistance of 25 main grape cultivars to Botryosphaeria dothidea in China.The length data of inoculated grapevine disease lesion were collected,and then the system clustering method was adopted to identify the resistance of different grape cultivars to B.dothidea based on the disease lesion length data.A resistant evaluation method of grape cultivars to B.dothidea and the resistance classification standard were established.Seventeen grape cultivars were resistant to B.dothidea,including ‘Kyoho’,‘Ruby Seedless’,‘Fujiminori’,‘Red Globe’,‘Xiangfei’,‘Muscat Hamburg’,‘Muscat Kyoho’,‘ Chardonnay’,‘ Longyan’,‘ Shiraz’,‘ Cabernet Franc’,‘ Beda’,‘ Fenghou’,‘Merlot’,‘Manicure Finger’,‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ and ‘Vitis Amurensis’.‘Flame Seedless’,‘5BB’,‘Summer Black’ and ‘ Centennial Seedless’ were susceptible,while ‘ Victoria’,‘ Cow' s Teat’,‘ Yatomi Rosa’ and ‘ Moldova’ were highly susceptible.%采用离体有伤接种绿枝条的方法分析了我国25个葡萄主要品种对葡萄座腔菌Botryosphaeria dothidea的抗/感程度并建立了抗性分级标准.根据接种发病后的病斑长度,利用系统聚类方法鉴定不同葡萄品种对葡萄座腔菌的抗性并进行分级,建立了葡萄对葡萄座腔菌的抗性评价方法和抗性分级标准.结果表明,我国25个主要葡萄品种对葡萄座腔菌的抗性存在明显差异,‘巨峰’、‘红宝石无核’、‘藤稔’、‘红地球’、‘香妃’、‘玫瑰香’、‘巨玫瑰’、‘霞多丽’、‘龙眼’、‘西拉’、‘品丽珠’、‘贝达’、‘峰后’、‘梅鹿辄’、‘美人指’、‘赤霞珠’和‘山葡萄洛桑’等17个品种对葡萄座腔菌表现为抗病,‘弗蕾无核’、‘5BB’、‘夏黑’和‘无核白鸡心’表现为感病,而‘维多利亚’、‘牛奶’、‘矢富罗莎’和‘摩尔多瓦’表现为高感.