从日本进境罗汉松中截获移去剑线虫

摘要

In November 2016,one Xiphinema population was detected in the roots of Podocarpus macrophyllus imported from Japan in Shenzhen port,China.The nematode was extracted using modified Baermann method and identified based on morphology,morphometrics,28S rRNA gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis.The 28S rRNA gene sequence of the nematode matched well (99％ similarity) with that of Xiphinema elongatum deposited in GenBank (GenBank accession number EF140790,KF430803,KF430802 and KF430801).The morphological characteristics and morphometrics of the nematode were highly consistent with those of X.elongatum.The phylogenetic analysis showed that the nematode and X.elongatum were clustered into one group.It is concluded that the intercepted nematode is X.elongatum.Xiphinema spp.are important ecto-parasitic nematodes,which have been repeatedly intercepted by Chinese ports,and the invasion risk of these nematodes to China is high.This paper first gives a detailed description of X.elongatum in P.macrophyllus from Japan and provides new geographical distribution information of this nematode.%2016年11月,深圳口岸从日本进境罗汉松中截获一种剑线虫.采用贝曼漏斗法分离线虫,结合形态学、28SrRNA基因序列测定以及构建系统发育树,对分离的线虫进行鉴定.该线虫的28S rRNA基因序列和GenBank数据库中的移去剑线虫Xiphinema elongatum(登录号分别为EF140790、KF430803、KF430802和KF430801)的序列同源性高达99％;其形态特征和测计值与X.elongatum最为吻合;系统发育树表明该线虫和X.elongatum聚为一组.通过以上结果判定截获的线虫为移去剑线虫.剑线虫是一种重要的植物外寄生线虫,我国口岸曾经多次截获剑线虫,剑线虫入侵我国的风险较高.本文首次对日本罗汉松中的移去剑线虫进行了详细的描述,提供了该线虫新的地理分布信息.