江苏小麦赤霉病综合防控关键技术研究

摘要

近年来气候变暖、秸秆还田和赤霉病菌对多菌灵的抗性上升使江苏省小麦赤霉病流行频率提高.本研究通过田间小区试验,对小麦赤霉病的综合防控关键技术进行了比较.试验结果表明,目前赤霉病菌对多菌灵抗药性频率已达60％以上,多菌灵的防效明显下降,低于60％.研究明确了赤霉病的防控适期和防治次数,对淮南、淮北主要小麦品种进行赤霉病自然发病鉴定,并阐述了品种抗性和药剂防治间的互作效应.研究结果揭示,选育推广对小麦赤霉病具有抗性的品种是小麦赤霉病防控的基础,把握适期于小麦扬花期施用非多菌灵类的戊唑醇、氰烯菌酯、丙硫菌唑等其他杀菌剂可有效控制病害的发生.%The key control technology of wheat Fusarium head blight(FHB) was established by field experiments under the new normal agricultural conditions of climate change,straw return and the pathogen resistance to carbendazim.The results showed that when the frequency of resistance strains to carbendazim was more than 60％,the control effect of carbendazim was significantly decreased,with the efficacy of less than 60％.The natural disease index of FHB in Huainan and Huaibei was investigated,the disease prevention and control were studied,and the interaction between varieties resistance and fungicides control was also discussed.The results indicate that under the new normal agricultural conditions,the key to the prevention and control of FHB in Jiangsu is to promote the breeding of wheat resistant varieties against FHB,and the non-carbendazim chemical pesticides such as tebuconazole,phenamacril,prothioconazole,etc.are recommended to be used twice at the wheat flowering stage.