白星花金龟的羽化及交配行为

摘要

为了探明白星花金龟Protaetia brevitarsis Lewis的羽化节律和羽化进程、交配行为及交配节律,在室内恒定条件下(光照周期为L∥D=14 h//10 h,温度为(25±2)℃,相对湿度为75％～80％),对白星花金龟的羽化及交配行为进行了观察,结果表明:1)羽化在白天和晚上均可发生,雌雄羽化节律均表现出驼峰型,雌虫羽化最高峰出现在04:00-06:00,雄虫的羽化最高峰出现在16:00-18:00;2)羽化进程为33d,羽化高峰期为开始羽化后的15～33 d,羽化数占总数的76.77％,雌虫较雄虫羽化早;3)交配行为分为相遇和交配.相遇包括相互避让、相互攻击、爬背、抱对、交配等;交配包括爬背、抱对和交配,部分具有配后保护行为;4)72 h内交配不止一次的占30％,交配持续时间最短的为95 s,最长的295 s,平均(182±28) s;5)24 h内抱对出现了两个高峰:18:00-20:00和20:00-22:00,抱对率分别为92.5％和90％,且差异不显著(P＞0.05),但是和其他时间段具有显著性差异(P＜0.05);6)24 h内有两个交配高峰,分别为12:00-14:00和20:00-22:00,交配率分别为35％和40％,且和其他时间段呈显著差异(P＜0.05).白星花金龟在00:00-08:00和16:00-20:00时间段未发生交配现象.%In order to ascertain emergence rhythm and emergence process,mating behavior and mating rhythm of Protaetia brevitarsis Lewis,the emergence and mating behavior of this beetle were investigated under constant conditions (25℃ ±2℃,RH 75％-80％,L//D=14 h//10 h).The results showed that the beetle could emerge in the daytime and at night.The emergence rhythm showed the hump pattern,with the female's emergence peak at 04:00-06:00 am and the male's emergence peak at 16:00-18:00 pm.The emergence lasted for 33 days,and the peak appearcd from the fifteenth to thirty-third day after the beginning.The number of emerged adults at peak time accounted for 76.77％ of the total.The female emerged earlier than the male.The mating behavior is divided into meeting and mating.Meeting included the avoidance,fighting,climbing on female's back,mounting,mating,etc.,Mating included climbing on female's back,mounting,mating,post-copulatory guarding behavior observed in some beetles.Mating frequency more than once within 72 h accounted for 30％ of the total.The shortest mating duration was 95 seconds,the longest was 295 seconds,and the average was 182± 28 seconds.There were two mounting peaks within 24 hours,with the mounting rate of 92.5％ and 90％ at 18:00-20:00 pm and 20:00-22:00 pm,which was not significantly different(P＞0.05),but significantly different from the mounting rate at other time (P＜0.05).There were two mating peaks within 24 hours,with the mating rate of 35％ and 40％ at 12:00-14:00 pm and 20:00-22:00 pm,respectively,significantly different from the mating rate at other time (P＜0.05).Mating didn't occur between 00:00-08:00 am and 16:00-20:00 pm.