冬枣园绿盲蝽绿色防控技术体系构建与示范

摘要

在山西临猗进行了枣园绿盲蝽Apolygus lucorum (Meyer-Dür)绿色防控技术的研究和示范.组建“冬剪残桩、寄生蜂释放、性诱剂诱捕、生物制剂喷施”为主要措施的枣园绿盲蝽绿色防控技术体系.结果表明,人工大量释放红颈常室茧蜂Peristenus spretus Chen et van Achterberg、绿盲蝽性诱剂等技术后,冬枣幼果(疏果前)和果实(疏果后)受害率在绿色防控园分别为14.4％和4.2％,与农户常规防治园的差异不显著;红颈常室茧蜂对绿盲蝽若虫的平均寄生率为37.5％,显著高于农户常规防治园的6.2％;每公顷枣园总计诱集到30 749头绿盲蝽成虫,平均每个诱捕器能诱捕到绿盲蝽成虫(683.3±23.1)头.6-8月绿色防控园绿盲蝽的数量(5.05±0.86)头/百枝,显著低于农户常规防治园(12.71±2.22)头/百枝.绿色防控技术完全替代化学防治,有效控制了枣园绿盲蝽的种群发生与为害.%The green control technique against Apolygus lucorum (Meyer-Dür) were investigated and demonstrated in the jujube orchards in Linyi,Shanxi Province.The green control technique system was mainly composed of pruning stump during winter,releasing parasitoid,trapping adults with pheromone trap and spraying botanical pesticides.The results showed that young fruit (before fruit thinning) and fruit (after fruit thinning) infested rate were 14.4％ and 4.2％,respectively,in the green control orchard,without significant difference to that in the conventional control orchard.The mean parasitic rate of Peristenus spretus Chen et van Achterber on A.lucorum was 37.5％ in the green control orchard,significantly higher than that in the conventional control orchard.The number of A.lucorum adults captured by one trap was 683.3±23.1 adults,and the total of 30 749 adults per hectare was captured by traps in the green control orchard.The population density of A.lucorum was 5.05±0.86 individuals per 100 branches from June to August in the green control orchard,significantly lower than 12.71 ± 2.22 individuals per 100 branches in the conventional control orchard.Therefore,the chemical control can be completely replaced by the green control technique and the population of A.lucorum was effectively suppressed by green control technique in the jujube orchards.