表面活性剂对白腐真菌降解石油的影响

摘要

研究了聚氧乙烯(20)失水山梨醇单油酸酯( Tweer80)、辛烷基聚氧乙烯醚(TritonX-100)、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)、十二烷基磺酸钠、SDS与十二醇(9∶1)的复配剂6种表面活性剂对白腐真菌降解溶液和土壤系统中石油的影响.实验结果表明:表面活性剂的类型、浓度、生物降解性及石油的存在状态等对石油的降解均产生影响.非离子型表面活性剂和阴离子型表面活性剂对溶液体系及土壤体系中石油的降解均有一定的促进作用.在溶液体系中石油的降解率随着表面活性剂浓度的增加而降低,表面活性剂Tween80在浓度为0.2 CMC时对石油的降解率达到62.2％.而土壤体系中,表面活性剂TritionX-100在浓度为5 CMC时降解效果最好,对石油的降解率可达60.17％.%The effect of six surfactants (Tween80, TritonX-100, LAS, SDS, SAS, complex of SDS and dodecanol) on petroleum degradation by Phanerochaete chrysosporium in solution and soil-water system was studied. Results show that the type and concentration of surfactants,biodegradability and the existing state of petroleum contaminant all have impact on the degradation of petroleum. The degradation of petroleum by white rot fungi in both solution and soil system could be promoted by non-ionic surfactant and anionic surfactant in certain extent. In the solution system, the degradation rate of petroleum reduces with the increase of initial surfactant concentration, Tween80 surfactant at a concentration of 0. 2 CMC shows the best performance, a degradation rate of 62. 2%. Whereas TritonX-100 surfactant at a concentration of 5 CMC exhibits the best performance in soil system, the degradation rate of petroleum reaches 60. 17%.