The synthesis of monoglycerides from fatty acids and glycerol catalyzed by self-made ionic liquid was investigated using 1,4-dioxane as solvent. The optimal process conditions were obtained by single factor experiments as follows:glycerin/fatty acids molar ratio of 7,the amount of catalyst and solvent(based on the total materials) was 8% and 50% , respectively, reaction temperature in the range of 140-150 °C and a reaction time of 3 h. The abrasion resistance of monoglycerides was evaluated,and the results showed that when low sulfur diesel fuel containing 80 μg/g monoglycerides,it could meet the abrasion resistance requirement of EN 590 standard for automobile diesel fuel in Europe.%以脂肪酸和甘油为原料、1,4-二氧六环为溶剂、自制离子液体2-甲基吡啶甲磺酸盐为催化剂合成甘油单酯.考察甘油与脂肪酸摩尔比、催化剂用量、反应时间、溶剂用量和反应温度对酯化反应的影响,经单因素实验得到的最佳工艺条件为:甘油与脂肪酸摩尔比7∶1,催化剂用量为原料总质量的8％,溶剂用量为原料总质量的50％,反应温度140～150℃,在磁力搅拌冷凝下反应3h.对甘油单酯进行抗磨性能评价的结果表明,在低硫柴油中加入80 μg/g甘油脂肪酸酯可以达到EN590欧洲车用柴油标准的要求.
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