南美油区古生代以来发育弧前盆地、弧后挤压盆地、前陆盆地、克拉通盆地、被动边缘盆地.南美区已发现的隐蔽油气藏在成因上主要为岩性油气藏(含构造—岩性油气藏)、不整合油气藏(基岩不整合油气藏、岩性—不整合油气藏、构造—岩性不整合油气藏)等.前陆盆地隐蔽油气藏以不整合、岩性类油气藏为主;被动边缘盆地石油储量以隐蔽油气藏为主,隐蔽油气藏又以岩性类的为主.被动边缘盆地浊积岩、盐下碳酸盐岩(礁滩)、地层超覆等复合型隐蔽油气藏成为近十几年勘探发现的主要油气藏类型,预测南美地区隐蔽油气藏油气资源量达890亿桶油当量以上,以油为主,可见南美地区隐蔽油气藏具有良好的勘探前景.%Forearc, compressed backarc, foreland, cratonic and passive margin basins have developed in South American ever since Paleozoic. The discovered subtle traps are mainly lithologic (tectonic-lithologic) and unconformity (basement-unconformity, lithologic-unconformity and structural-lithologic unconformity) ones. For the foreland basins, unconformity and lithologic reservoirs are the main reservoir types. For the passive margin basins, lithologic subtle reservoirs are contributive. In the latest decade of exploration, the subtle reservoirs (tur-bidite, pre-salt carbonate/reef and overlap reservoirs) in the passive margin basins have turned to be the main discoveries. Resource of the subtle reservoirs in South America is assessed to be over 89 billion Barrels Oil Equivalent, mainly as liquid, showing a good exploration prospect.
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