Deepwater oil and gas exploration is a high risk, high investment,high technology,high-return business. South China Sea has huge oil & gas reserves and belongs to one of the four major offshore oil and gas rich region in the world,of which 70％ is in deep water. There are several challenges in deepwater drilling in South China Sea,such as shallow gas & shallow flow,deep water and low temperature,deep water well control technology, the lack of deepwater operating experience and South China Sea environmental disaster. Based on analysis of the potential hazards of these challenges,technical solutions such as shallow gas & shallow flow control, drilling fluid optimization, cementing slurry optimization, deepwater well control technology,typhoon emergency response plan,are proposed. Using the Well LW3-1-1 with water depth of 1481m in South China Sea as an example, the deepwater drilling operation was introduced in detail.%深海油气开采是高风险、高投资、高技术、高回报的行业.我国南海海城石油储量巨大,属于世界四大海洋油气富集区之一,其中70%储藏于深水区.南海深水钻井面临的主要挑战是:浅层气和浅层流、深水低温、深水井控技术、缺乏深水作业经验和南海的灾害环境,在分析这些挑战可能造成的危害的基础上,从浅层流控制措施、钻井液优选、水泥浆优选、深水钻井井控措施、建立台风应急预案等方面,给出了技术对策.以2006年在南海钻成的作业水深1 481 m的LW3-1-1井为例,详细介绍了深水钻井施工情况.
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