塔里木油田80%以上的油气井为超深井,随着勘探开发的深入,水平井逐渐增多,钻探风险随之增加,处理复杂的难度加大.面对溢流、井漏、高浓度硫化氢、卡钻、断钻具、高套压等复杂情况,不同的钻探公司采取了不同的处理措施,有成功经验,也有惨痛教训.以中古10HC井为例,从钻井复杂处理、钻井液技术、通井技术、测井技术等方面阐述了复杂井况下切实可行的技术措施.实践经验表明,放空探底作业能为后续作业提供非常多的有用信息;井漏失返后的技术措施对后续作业至关重要,如果处理不当将加剧复杂的处理难度并可能产生新的复杂情况,失返后迅速反推一定量的钻井液,将悬浮岩屑推入地层十分有利于后续作业.多次作业表明,该技术实用性强,能对处置相似情形的复杂井提供借鉴.%More than 80% oil and gas wells in Tarim Oilfield are ultradeep wells. With the proceeding of exploration and develop-ment, more and more horizontal wells are drilled, and drilling risk and complex situation treatment difficulty are increased correspond-ingly. Different drilling companies take different measures to deal with the complex situations, such as overflow, circulation loss, high concentration H2S, pipe sticking, drilling tool breaking and high casing pressure. And there is successful experience as well as painful lessons. In Well 10HC of Middle Paleozoic, for example, a series of practical technologies and measures were taken to deal with the complex well situations, including drilling complexity treatment, drilling fluid technology, drifting technology and logging technology. It is indicated that blowdown and bottom exploration operation can provide plenty of useful information for the subsequent operation. The technologies and measures adopted after the circulation loss in return are vital to the subsequent operation, for complexity treatment difficulty will be increased and new complex situations may be resulted in if the circulation loss in return is not treated appropriately.It is favorable for the subsequent operation by injecting reversely a certain amount of drilling fluid quickly after the circulation loss in return to carry the suspended cuttings into the formation. It is demonstrated by many practical operations that this technology is of strong applicability and can provide the reference for the treatment of complex wells with similar situations.
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