预测细粒酒精模型冰物理和力学参数的实验关系

摘要

Model ice is a necessary material in the physical simulation study of interaction between ice and structures (ships). Fine grain ethanol model ice is one of frozen grain model ices. At present, no single material that can modify natural ice properties suitably has been found because the present model ice properties change with the ice making technique and the ingredients. Therefore, the model ice properties become one of the main factors that dominate the simulation results. In practice, just a few parameters are modified following simulation rules based on the research purpose. Even though, the model ice thickness and the modified mechanical properties are not the same with the desired values. Since fine grain ethanol model ice come into beings, in model tests of ice and ships or structures desired properties were controlled by experience, true properties were measured before the tests, and model results were explained by modified parameters. How can model ice properties be controlled by using ice basin temperature, cold solid time and warm time as well as desire model ice thickness (water jumping rate>×time) which can be controlled in ice making procedures? That is the purpose of the study to answer this question. A series of detailed research on the ethanol freezing point (instead of ethanol percent), ice temperatures, ice basin air temperature, unfrozen liquid in model ice, ice density, ice compressive strength, ice flexural strength and ice strain modulus was done. The new index forecasting any kind of fine grain model ice parameters established based on the physical essence in ice making and measured model ice parameters. This paper provides the physical basis of the index and the experimental relationships between the index and each of the main physical and mechanical parameters of the ethanol modal ice.%依据模型冰物理性质控制其力学性质的原则，利用能量平衡观点建立了冰内未冻结液体含量同制冰过程中的冰池温度、降温及升温时间、模型冰厚度(喷雾时间×流量)的理论关系，以其量纲表达式作为预测模型冰物理和力学参数的综合控制指标；通过系统测量酒精溶液冰点温度、冰池大厅气温、模型冰温度、冰内未冻液含量、冰密度、冰压缩强度、冰弯曲强度和冰变形模量，获得了不同冰点温度模型冰的物理和力学参数同该综合控制指标的实验关系；实现了用人为可控制因子定量控制模型冰物理和力学参数的目的。