胶州湾小型底栖生物的丰度和生物量

摘要

The benthic meiofauna was quantitatively investigated in the northem soft bottom of Jiaozhou Bay based on data collected from May 1995 to Jannuary 1996 bimonthly. The annual averaging meiofaunal abundance amounted to 1.51 × 106ind/m2, with higher values of 2.73 × 106 and 2.75 × 106ind/m2 at station 95B1 and 95132 respectively, and the lowest value of 0.46 × 106 ind/m2 at station 95133. The maximum biormss of 1.90g/m2 (d. w. ) and 1.87g/m2 (d. w. ) were also found at stations 95B1 and 95B2. Meiofauna abundance varied seasonally in Jiaozhou Bay, with the highest abundance in late spring (May) and the lowest in summer (July). There was no sigmificant variation of meiofauna biomass seasonally. It is suggested that the high value in May was attributable to excess food resources following the phytoplankton bloom in spring. Pearson＇s Correlation Analysis showed negative correlation between meiofauna abundance and phytoplankton biomass in term of carbon and nitrogen ( -0.969 and -0.947, P<0.05).rn The total of 14 meiofauna groups were identified. Free-living marine nematodes constituted 86.6 % of the total abundance and 35.9% of the total biomass. Benthic copepods, ostracoda and polychaeta were also important groups by abundance and biomass.%1995年5月—1996年1月，在胶州湾北部软底水域进行每2月—次的调查。结果表明，小型底栖生物的年平均丰度为1.51×106ind/m2，最高值出现在95B1和95B2站，分别为2.73×106和2.75×106ind/m2，最低值出现在95B3站，数量为0.46×106ind/m2。小型底栖生物的年平均生物量为1.32g/m2(干重)。皮尔逊相关分析表明，小型生物的数量与以碳和氮表示的浮游植物的生物量呈负相关，相关系数分别为-0.969和-0.947(P<0.05)。共鉴定出14个小型生物类群。自由生活的海洋线虫占总数量的86.6％，底栖桡足类居第2位，占总数量的5.7％。按生物量，海洋线虫(35.9％)、介形类(32.6％)、多毛类(13.7％)和桡足类(8.3％)共同构成小型动物的优势类群，80％以上的小型生物分布在0—2cn以浅表层内。与国内外同类研究结果进行了比较，并对小型生物在胶州湾生态系中的作用进行了探讨。