基于对沙埕港湾口断面的连续走航观测资料,成功构建了沿走航断面的10个站点的连续海流序列,并分析了潮流、余流、潮通量等水文要素.分析结果表明,沙埕港湾口水道潮流类型为正规半日潮流,涨潮最先出现在中下层而落潮最先出现在上层,涨(落)潮转流相差约为30min.水道内潮流为往复流,M2和S2分潮流流速较大,倾角基本沿水道主轴方向.沙埕港湾口断面余流呈2层结构,10m以浅基本为东南向余流流出湾口,核心位于湾口断面南侧.10m以深多为西北向流入湾内,入流核心位于湾口断面中部的底层区域.对潮通量的计算表明,通过湾口进入沙埕港的潮通量约为1.63×108m3.%Based on shipboard ADCP measurements at the mouth of the Shachenggang Channel in South Fujian,China (120° 10.74'-120°26.57'E; 27°08.37'-27°09.07N; mostly 15m deep and max.45m deep),the time series of tidal current at 10 sites along transection were constructed.The hydrological factors such as tidal current,residual current,and tidal transport are analyzed to understand the tidal and residual current characteristics in this region.The tidal currents are identified as regular semidiurnal tidal flows.Tidal flood currents appear first in lower layers ～30 min ahead to upper layers currents in flood phase,while ebb currents first show up in upper layers about 30 min ahead in ebb phase.The tidal currents in the channel are alternating currents,in which M2 and S2 constituents have relatively stronger speed and mainly flow along the principal axis of the channel.A two-layered structure is found in residual currents at the transection,with southeastward outflows centered at the south section in the upper 10m and northwestward inflows centered at the middle section blow the 10m depth.The approximate tidal transports between the channel and open sea through transection are 1.63× 108 m3.
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