环境温度和盐度对墨吉明对虾(Fenneropenaeus merguiensis)胚胎发育的影响

摘要

Based on natural mature Fenneropenaeus merguiensis,the whole process of embryonic development from fertilized egg to nauplius was observed and described.The results showed that the duration of embryonic development was about 11h at water temperature 29℃ and salinity 28.The hatching time of larvae and hatching ratio of fertilized eggs were influenced significantly by water temperature and salinity.When water temperature fell from 32 to 23,the hatching time increased from 555min (9.25h) to 1 108min (18.46h).The optimum water temperature for embryos development was 23-32℃.Hatching time of larvae was inversely related to water temperature in the optimum water temperature range.The optimum salinity for embryos development was 25-35.In the optimum salinity range,no significantly difference in the hatching time and hatching ratio was observed.Therefore,F.merguiensis embryos could develop in wider range of salinity.%以自然成熟的亲虾为材料,观察并描述了墨吉明对虾(Fenneropenaeus merguiensis)从受精卵到幼体孵化出膜的胚胎发育过程.结果显示,在水温29℃,盐度28的条件下,墨吉明对虾整个胚胎发育过程需要11h左右.水温和盐度对幼体出膜时间和受精卵的孵化率均有显著的影响(P＜0.05).孵化水温从32℃下降到23℃时,幼体出膜时间由555min (9.25h)增加到1108min (18.46h).胚胎发育的最适水温为26-32℃,在此温度范围内,墨吉明对虾的幼体出膜时间与水温呈负相关.胚胎发育的最适盐度25-35,在此范围内,墨吉明对虾的幼体出膜时间和孵化率均无显著差异(P＞0.05),说明墨吉明对虾的胚胎发育的盐度范围较广.