2015年5月至2016年7月在辽宁省大连市黑石礁海域发现红皮藻科入侵种具孔斯帕林藻Sparlingia pertusa (Postels et Ruprecht)G.W.Saunders,I.M.Strachan et G.T.Kraft,对其进行了详细的形态结构观察和分子系统分析.结果表明:①藻体直立;成熟藻体高0.2-0.8m;呈红色或暗红褐色;藻体表面分布着密集的孔洞;皮层由2-3层圆形细胞组成;髓部由3-5层椭圆形薄壁细胞组成.②rbcL基因序列分析结果显示本研究的6个具孔斯帕林藻样本之间无碱基差异,与产自日本的样本无碱基差异,与美国和加拿大产的样本之间的碱基序列差异为1bp(0.98％);COI基因序列分析结果显示本研究的6个具孔斯帕林藻样本之间无碱基差异,与产自加拿大的样本之间无碱基差异.具孔斯帕林藻在我国海域首次发现为中国新纪录种,同时发现斯帕林藻属Sparlingia G.W.Saunders,I.W.Strachan et G.T.Kraft为中国新纪录属,认为海洋经济物种太平洋牡蛎和虾夷扇贝的引进、船舶压舱水以及海水的流动等是该种入侵的主要原因.%Sparlingia pertusa (Postels et Ruprecht) G.W.Saunders,I.M.Strachan et G.T.Kraft in the Family Rhodymeniaceae was discovered recently as an invasive species in Heishijiao,Dalian,Liaoning during May 2015 to July 2016.Detailed morphological structure observation,and the large subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/ oxygenase (rbcL) gene and the partial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene sequences analysis were conducted.The thalli was erect;mature thallus height was 0.2-0.8m;red or dark reddish brown;the hole with different sizes on the surface;cortex consisting of 2-3 layers of small cells and medulla of 3-5 layers of large oblong cells.The rbcL gene shows no sequence divergence among all our six samples of S.pertusa and sequence from Japan,except for only a 1 bp (0.98％) divergence as intraspecific difference between our specimens and those from USA and Canada.In addition,the COI gene shows no sequence divergence between our samples and Canadian ones.Both the species S.pertusa and the genus Sparlingia G.W.Saunders,I.M.Strachan et G.T.Kraft are the first record in China.We infer that this species was brought in with a ship ballast water like other marine economic species did,e.g.,Crassostrea gigas and Pecten yessoesis.
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