为了探讨山区表层土壤水分的空间分布格局及其影响因素,以北京市怀柔区为研究区域,联合使用ALOS/PA-LSAR微波数据和Landsat-5遥感影像反演得到研究区的土壤水分数据,运用旋转主成分分析法分析了高程、坡度、坡向和植被盖度4个环境因子对土壤水分的影响情况及分布规律,并确定相应的主控因子.结果表明:高程和坡度是影响山区表层土壤水分空间变异的主控因子,植被盖度次之,坡向的影响最弱.对主控因子(高程和坡度)的单因素分析表明,土壤含水量随着高程的增加而逐渐减少,随着坡度的增加,土壤含水量总体上呈现先增加(坡度＜3°)后减小(坡度＞3°)的趋势,对深入研究山区土壤水分分布特性和水土保持具有指导意义.%In order to discuss spatial distribution pattern and influence factors of surface soil moisture in mountainous area,this paper take Huairou district of Beijing as the research area,the soil moisture of study area was inversed by the combined use ALOS/PALSAR microwave data and Landsat-5 remote sensing data,we analyse the impact which bring about by four environment factors on soil moisture and the law of distribution,such as elevation,slope,aspect and vegetation coverage,and also determine the corresponding main control factor.Result indicate that the main control factors which influence mountain surface soil moisture spatial variability is elevation and slope,followed by is vegetation coverage,the last is aspect.Single factor analysis result on main control factor (elevation and slope)show that Soil moisure decreases gradually as height increase,with increase of slope,soil water content appears to increase first (slope less than 3°) and then decreases (slope greater than 3 °) on the whole,it has guide significance for further study of the distribution characteristics of soil moisture and water and soil conservation.
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