大数据方法对于缓解城市交通拥堵的作用的理论分析

摘要

如何利用大数据方法改进当前智能交通系统，进而缓解交通拥堵，是当前智慧城市研究和交通规划领域的关键问题之一。本文首先依据交通流用户最优均衡理论和系统最优均衡理论，分析大数据在交通诱导信息系统中的应用；其次，讨论大数据在交通流量判研和拥堵实时评价方面的应用；第三，讨论大数据在交通拥堵收费中的应用；第四，分析大数据在对公共交通运行与服务水平进行实时监控方面的应用；最后提出一体化交通监测与需求管理系统理论框架。%The application of big-data methods for the advancements of Intelligent Transport System (ITS) and the relief of trafifc congestion has become one of key issues in the smart city study and transport planning. The paper ifrstly reviews the Trafifc User Equilibrium theory and the Trafifc System Equilibrium theory, and then discusses the application of big-data approach in Trafifc Guidance Information System (TGIS). Secondly, the paper introduces the use of big-data method for the real-time assessment of trafifc congestion. Thirdly, the paper analyses the application of big-data method for trafifc congestion pricing. Fourthly, the paper discusses the use of big-data method for monitoring public transport services. Finally, an integrated trafifc monitoring and management system is proposed in the paper.