芽胞杆菌分类与应用研究进展

摘要

Bacillus is an important microbial resource forming endospore to resist stress.Taxonomy research is vital to explore and utilize functional Bacillus strains.Based on the taxono-genomic method,the classification status of Bacillus is becoming more and more precise.Untill to June 2016,813 Bacillus-like species have been reported worldwide,belonging to 74 genera within 5 Families including Bacillaceae,Alicyclobacillaceae,Paenibacillaceae,Planococcaceae,and Sporolactobacillaceae.The first new species of Bacillus-like bacteria was published by Chinese scientists in 2004.Up to now,176 Bacillus-like new species have been recognized,which were isolated from China.In this review,we describe the present taxonomy method for Bacillus and their application in different fields,aiming to provide relevant information for peers.%芽胞杆菌是一类产生具有抗逆特性芽胞的重要微生物资源,研究其分类地位对挖掘和利用芽胞杆菌功能菌株具有重要科学意义.基于基因组学的多相分类法,使得芽胞杆菌分类地位更加精确.截至2016年6月,全世界芽胞杆菌种类达813种,来自于5个科,即芽胞杆菌科、脂环酸芽胞杆菌科、类芽胞杆菌科、动球菌科、芽胞乳杆菌科,74个属.中国芽胞杆菌研究从2004年开始发表新种,目前,中国学者发表中国分离的芽胞杆菌新种达176种.本文就当前芽胞杆菌主要分类鉴定方法及应用进展进行了描述,希望为国内外芽胞杆菌同行研究者提供一定的帮助.