Objective To investigate the incidence of diabetes after regular diabetes screening and health education in one community in Beijing. Methods The subjects investigated and undergone oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) (75g) for evaluating glucose metabolic level in 2006 were followed up to survey the incidence of diabetes in 2008. The health education was hereafter carried out once a year, and healthy lifestyle instruction was carried out for individuals with pre-diabetes, and those individuals were followed up again to observe the change in diabetes incidence in 2010. Results The incidence of diabetes in 2008～2010 was 7.2‰ per year, which was much lower than that in 2006～2008 (13.5‰, P＜0.05). Among subjects of pre-diabetes assumed in 2006, 14.9％ of them converted from pre-diabetes to diabetes in 2008 ; however, only 5.1％ subjects of pre-diabetes detected in 2008 converted to diabetes in 2010. Logistic regression analysis showed that increased age ( OR=1.58, 95％ CI 1.019～2.439, P＜0.05) and hypertension ( OR=9.60, 95％CI 1.070 ～86.141, P＜0.05) were the independent risk factors for the incidence of diabetes; health education was conducive to a decrease in the incidence of diabetes (OR=0.51, 95％CI 0.297 ～0.889, P＜0.05). Conclusion Regular diabetes screening and health education are conducive to lowering of the incidence of diabetes, while increasing age, impaired glucose regulation and hypertension may contribute to the increase in diabetes incidence.%目的 观察定期糖尿病普查和健康教育对糖尿病发病率的影响.方法 以北京某院校人群为研究对象,分别于2006年、2008年及2010年5月经口服葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT)进行糖尿病普查,2008-2010年进行糖尿病健康教育,对部分糖尿病前期人群定期进行生活方式督导,观察糖尿病发病率的变化.结果 2008-2010年研究人群的糖尿病年发病率为7.2‰,低于2006-2008年的13.5‰,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).在2006年检出的糖尿病前期人群中,2008年有14.9%转为糖尿病;而在2008年检出的糖尿病前期人群中,2010年仅5.1%转为糖尿病(P<0.05).多因素非条件logistic回归分析显示:增龄(OR=1.58,95%CI1.019～2.439,P<0.05)和高血压(OR=9.60,95%CI 1.070～86.141,P<0.05)是导致糖尿病发生的独立危险因素.在调整性别和年龄后仍显示健康教育有助于减少糖尿病的发生(OR=0.51,95%CI 0.297～0.889,P<0.05).结论 定期糖尿病普查和健康教育及对高危人群进行生活方式管理后糖尿病发病率降低,增龄、糖尿病前期、高血压与糖尿病发生密切相关.
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