自身免疫性脑炎治疗进展

摘要

Autoimmune encephalitis is a kind of inflammatory disease of central nervous system caused by abnormal immune response of body immune system to neuronal antigen,and is generally considered to be reversible encephalitis caused by noninfectious factors.Its characteristic manifestations include acute and subacute onset of cognitive dysfunction,epilepsy and mental disorder.With the discovery of related antibodies,summaries of clinical syndrome and application of new functional imaging instruments,the diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis is increasingly standardized.The priority treatment of autoimmune encephalitis is immunomodulatory therapy,including glucocorticoid,immunoglobulin,plasma exchange and immunosuppressant.The other treatments could be the related tumor resection,electroshock therapy,etc.The symptoms in most patients can get substantial relief with active treatment.The present paper would focus on the research progress in treatment of autoimmune encephalitis.%自身免疫性脑炎是机体免疫系统对神经元抗原成分产生异常免疫反应所致的中枢神经系统炎性疾病,通常被认为是非感染因素引起的可逆转性脑炎,其特征性临床表现包括急性或亚急性起病的认知功能障碍、癫痫发作及精神异常.随着相关抗体的陆续发现,各类临床综合征的总结提出,以及功能影像学工具的推广应用,自身免疫性脑炎的诊断流程日益规范.自身免疫性脑炎的治疗以免疫调节为主,主要包括激素、人免疫球蛋白、血浆置换及免疫抑制剂的应用,其他治疗手段包括相关肿瘤的切除、电休克疗法等.多数患者的临床症状经过积极治疗可获得实质性改善.本文主要对自身免疫性脑炎治疗的研究进展进行综述.