小冲杆试验测试3Cr1Mo1/4V钢制加氢反应器内试块的回火脆性

摘要

对运行10 a的3Cr1Mo1/4V钢制加氢反应器内试块取样进行了脱脆热处理,与未热处理(脆化态)试样在不同温度下进行了小冲杆试验和夏比冲击试验,提出了以断裂能与最大载荷的比值(ESP/Fm)作为确定小冲杆试验韧脆转变温度的方法,得到韧脆转变温度及其增量,并与夏比冲击试验结果进行了对比.结果表明:小冲杆试验得到的ESP/Fm-温度曲线与夏比冲击试验得到的冲击功-温度曲线具有相同的变化趋势;与断裂能相比,ESP/Fm可以更好地表征材料的韧脆状态;以ESP/Fm稳定值的60%对应的温度作为韧脆转变温度,得到的韧脆转变温度增量与由夏比冲击试验得到的近似相等,小冲杆试验可以用来评价3Cr1Mo1/4V钢的回火脆性.%The de-embrittlement heat treatment was conducted on specimens sampled from the tested block in a 3Cr1Mo1/4V steel hydrogenation reactor, which had runned for 10 a.And the small punch test and Charpy impact test were carried out on the de-embrittled specimens and non-heat treated (namely embrittled) specimens at different temperatures.A method using the ratio of fracture energy to maximum load (ESP/Fm) to determine the ductile-brittle transition temperature of small puch test was proposed.The ductile-brittle transition temperatures and the increments were obtained and compared with those from Charpy impact test.The results show that the changing trend of ESP/Fm-temperature curves obtained from small punch test had the same trend as the impact energy-temperature curves from Charpy impact test.Comparing to the fracture energy, ESP/Fm can present the ductile to brittle state better.Using the temperature corresponding to 60% of stabilized ESP/Fm as the ductile-brittle transition temperature, the obtained ductile-brittle transition temperature increment was nearly equal to that obtained by Charpy impact test.The small punch test can evaluate the temper-embrittlement of 3Cr1Mo1/4V steel.