光电探测器调焦机构的设计与精度分析

摘要

光电探测器在对目标进行跟踪捕获的过程中，如果调焦不当，会使成像点分散，导致CCD相机成像不清晰。要保证对运动目标的清晰成像，调焦机构必不可少。针对探测器对调焦机构的技术指标及要求，在分析传统调焦方式及调焦机构设计的基础之上，设计了一种密珠轴系调焦机构，最终加工出来的外形尺寸为200 mm ×200 mm ×140 mm。通过理论计算对其做了力学分析和精度分析，在工作频率内进行了振动实验，最后通过0.2″自准值平行光管对其进行了晃动精度检测。实验结果表明：该调焦机构具有结构紧凑、刚度高等特点，在工作频率范围内能够良好地运作，晃动精度≤2″，满足探测器调焦系统的设计要求。%In the process of tracking and acquiring targets by photoelectric detector,if the focusing is improper,the im-aging points will disperse,which makes the image of the CCD camera not clear. In order to get a clear image of mov-ing targets,focusing mechanism is essential. Based on the technical indicators of photoelectric detector,by analyzing the traditional design and modes of the focusing,the focusing mechanism of closed-packed ball bearings is designed.The focusing mechanism whose shape size is 200mm ×200mm ×1 40mm is manufactured. Mechanical analysis and precision analysis are made through theoretical calculations,then vibration experiments and shaking precision experi-ments are done through the 0.2″autocollimation collimator at the working frequency. The experimental results show that this focusing structure has compact volume and high rigidity,and works well in the working frequency. The sha-king precision is below 2″,which meets the design requirement of photoelectric detector.