From Octorber to November of 2008,195 families seeds from 6 Pistacia chinensis population ( Zhoushan, Tianmushan, Jiangshan of Zhejiang, Jiujiang of Jiangxi, Baokang of Hubei, Jianghua of Hunan ) were collected and sowed in Jiangshan, Zhejiang province for seedling stage observation. The result showed that seedling traits diversity was rich in P. Chinensis, phenotypical differentiation coefficient showed that the variation of hightheight and dDiameter within populations (72.84%), (57.9%)was higher than that of among populations(18.16% and 42.1%); the heritabilities of the seedling height and the caliper were 0.892, 0.834 for family and 0.89,0.78 for individual respectively.%于2008年10-11月采集了浙江省舟山(26份)、天目山(36份)、江山(33份)及江西九江(34份)、湖北保康(30份)、湖南江华(36份)6个群体共195个家系黄连木(Pistacia chinensis)种子材料在江山种苗站苗圃播种进行苗期观察,结果表明苗期性状多样性丰富,苗高群体间表型分化系数为18.16％,地径群体间表型分化系数为42.1％,群体内的变异大于群体间的变异；苗高和地径单株遗传力分别为0.89和0.78,家系遗传力分别为0.892和0.834.
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