合法木材应遵循的基本原则及标准指标研究

摘要

Research on legal timber standards can provide the basis of timber legality verification and promote the standardization process of international trade.Investigations and literatures analysis demonstrate the concept of legal timber, connotation and denotation of legal and illegal timber, and define their applicable scope and related terminology. The relevant laws and conventions were referenced and compared,and the main principles and theoretical basis for legal timber were proposed. Main criteria and indicators under the basic principles framework were discussed,and some explanations were given. Practical feasibility of timber legality verification in China was analyzed.The results showed that lower risk of illegal timber harvest in China would lead to the legal timber standards, and to legal timber demand in international market.%合法木材标准研究可以提供木材合法性认定依据，推动国际贸易标准化进程。基于文献分析和调查研究，指出合法木材是指林产品经营单位或木材生产商所使用的木材原料符合所有相关地方与国家法规条款、森林经营计划、土地管理与森林开发方面的规定及国际公约，明确了合法木材与非法木材的内涵与外延、适用范围及相关术语；参考和比较相关法规和公约条款，提出合法木材应遵守的主要原则及理论依据，探讨了基本原则框架下的主要标准及指标要求，并给予适当解释和说明；分析了中国木材合法性认定的实践可行性，结果表明，中国林木采伐非法风险较低，合法木材标准提供了合法性认定核心依据，合法性认定可满足国际市场合法木材需求。