海岛困难立地抗旱措施对不同树种生长的影响

摘要

在舟山泗礁岛的松材线虫病危害迹地,通过完全随机区组设计研究了覆草、保水剂、覆草+保水剂3种抗旱保墒措施对舟山新木姜子(Neolitsea sericea)、全缘冬青(Ilex integra)、红楠(Machilus thunbergii)和石栎(Lithocarpus glaber)4树种容器苗造林保存率和生长的影响.结果表明:覆草、施用保水剂和覆草+保水剂3种蓄水保墒措施均能有效提高苗木生长量,其中以施用保水剂+覆草的效果最好,但不同处理对各树种的保存率没有显著影响;不同树种的苗高和地径生长幅度为:全缘冬青＞石栎＞红楠＞舟山新木姜子,保存率为:舟山新木姜子＞石栎＞全缘冬青＞红楠,通过隶属函数评价,供试树种适应能力为:舟山新木姜子＞全缘冬青＞石栎＞红楠.综合分析表明,在海岛困难立地植被恢复与重建过程中,可以优先选择覆草+保水剂保墒措施,应用舟山海岛地带性植被的优势树种的优质苗木进行造林.%Experiments were conducted on effect of different drought-resistant treatments such as mulching with stmw(SM),absorbent polymers(AP)and SM+AP on conservation rate and growth of 4 species container seedlings (Neolitsea sericea,Ilex integra,Machilus thunbergii and Lithocarpus glaber) with complete randomized block design for afforestation in a slash of Sijiao Island,Zhejiang province.The results showed that three measures had positive effect on seedling growth,especially SM+WR.But these measures had no significant effect on conservation rate of different seedlings.Height and ground diameter growth of four tree species was ordered:I.integra ＞ L.glaber ＞ M.thunbergii ＞ N.sericea,and conservation rate was:N.sericea ＞ h glaber ＞ I.integra ＞ M.thunbergii.Subordinate function on adaptability of four tree species was in order of N.sericea ＞ I.integra ＞ L.glaber＞ M.thunbergii.Integrated analysis showed that dominant tree species in the zonal vegetation and treatment of SM+WR was recommended for afforestation in difficult sites of islands.