承德避暑山庄石质文物的风化腐蚀模拟实验

摘要

通过对承德避暑山庄石刻表面风化产物的监测数据的分析,发现对石刻构成破坏最为主要外因以水（降雨＋毛细水）、可溶盐及融冻破坏这三种主要因素。选取与承德避暑山庄石刻材质相同的火山凝灰岩样品,模拟自然腐蚀中的风化因素,分别对不同编号样品进行可溶盐浸泡、盐雾实验和冻融实验,进行人为加速老化,通过对石材样块的腐蚀情况的深入考察,以期为后期的保护工作制定合理的计划。%Through the analysis result,we simulated lithoglyph corrosion environment in laboratory,and carried on artificial accelerated aging experiment to the lithical sample,obtained the alteration of temperature,the soluble salt dissolution and the heavy crystallization were the key factors which the pathological change occurred.The soluble salt caused damage to the overall intensity of rock,and freeze-thaw aggravated erosion on the foundation which the soluble salt corroded,continued stripping,thus intensified the erosion of soluble salt to the rock.Under the water function,this accelerated volcanic tuff lithoglyph decency corrosion process,and finally caused the lithoglyph cultural relic the serious decency corrosion.Through the study of this paper,just looking forward to make a reasonable plan foe the conversation of the iron artifacts.