运动诱导的细胞自噬对小鼠心肌的保护作用

摘要

细胞自噬是普遍存在于生物体内对抗外界压力而实现自我保护的一种机制，细胞自噬的功能状态异常（细胞自噬过度或者细胞自噬不足）可导致一系列疾病的产生。正常情况下，运动可以诱导机体多种组织细胞自噬的激活，心肌细胞的自噬激活对于维持心肌自身功能有着重要作用。本研究中，我们发现短期运动在导致细胞凋亡的同时可以激活心肌细胞的自噬，长期运动可以降低心肌细胞凋亡，增强其自噬的激活；同时，短期运动与长期运动均能提高抗氧化因子N RF-2的表达以加强心肌的保护功能；电镜结果证实长期运动可以提高心肌线粒体质量从而进一步实现心肌保护。%Autophagy generally exists in organisms as a protective mechanism against external pressure .The dysfunction of autophagy such as excessive or insufficient autophagy can lead to many kinds of diseases .Exercise can induce the body to produce autophagy activation in a variety of tissues .Similarly ,under normal circumstances ,the activation of autophagy in cardiomyocytes can provide the maintenance of myocardial function .The present study showed that short-term exercise could result in the activation of both autophagy and apoptosis in myocardial cells .In contrast ,long-term exercise training could reduce the apoptosis of myocardial cells and increase the activation of autophagy .Meanwhile ,long-term exercise training could enhance the expression of antioxidant factors such as NRF-2 for strengthening the protection function to myocardial cells .Furthermore ,the results of electron microscope demonstrated that long -term exercise could improve the quality of mitochondria in myocardial cells ,thus executing the protective function on myocardial cells .