Phytoplankton community structure and its relationships with environment factors around the south⁃ern waters of Miaodao Archipelago were studied in winter in 2013,using multivariate statistical analysis techniques of PRIMER v6.And the result shows that totally 82 taxa are identified in the survey water, among them 64 taxa are diatoms. The diatom is the main group of the phytoplankton. Five water environment groups can be discriminated, which are GroupⅠ⁃high temperature and high salinity environment, GroupⅡ⁃high pH and high nutrient environ⁃ment, GroupⅢ⁃low nutrient environment, GroupⅣ⁃high phosphate and high silicate environment and GroupⅤ⁃high pH and high DIC environment. The CLUSTER and MDS which based on the abundance data divided the sam⁃ples into six groups. BIOENV analyses show that the combination of pH, Salinity, DTOC explains the community structure best in the investigation.%2013年2月对庙岛群岛南部海域浮游植物群落及环境因子进行了采样调查，并利用PRIMER v6软件包中包含的一系列多元统计程序进行分析。结果表明，此次调查共采集到浮游植物82种，其中硅藻64种，是研究区域浮游植物的主要类群。研究海域根据水环境梯度可划分为5组，组Ⅰ为高温高盐组，组Ⅱ为高pH高营养盐组，组Ⅲ为低营养盐组，组Ⅳ为高磷酸盐和硅酸盐组，组Ⅴ为高pH高无机碳组。依据丰度进行了CLUSTER聚类和MDS标序图分析，结果可将研究站位划分为6个群落组。BIO⁃ENV分析结果表明，pH、盐度（Sal）和溶解有机碳（DTOC）组合可以最好地解释本次调查的浮游植物群落结构。
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