空气隔层对水下爆炸冲击波的缓冲效应

摘要

由于水下爆炸对结构的破坏能力比空中爆炸要强得多，因此针对水下结构的防护越来越受到重视。根据一维应力波在不同介质交界面的透射反射理论，从理论上分析了低波阻抗介质（如空气）对水下爆炸冲击波传播的影响。通过建立含空气隔层的水下爆炸全耦合模型，考虑水下爆炸冲击波与空气隔层及爆轰产物的动态相互作用，研究了空气隔层对水下爆炸冲击波的缓冲效应，揭示了空气隔层的运动发展过程。同时分析了空气隔层厚度及位置对水下爆炸冲击波缓冲效应的影响。结果表明：空气隔层距防护对象越近，防护效果越佳，具有重要的工程应用价值。%Underwater structure protection receives increasing attention due to more damages in structures under underwater explosion,compared to those under explosion in air.Based on the theory of one-dimensional stress wave transmitting and reflecting at the interface between two medium,the influences of low impedance medium,such as,air on underwater explosion shock wave propagation were analyzed.The fully coupled model for underwater explosion containing air interlayer was established.Considering the dynamic interaction among underwater explosion shock wave,air interlayer and detonation products,the mitigation effects of air interlayer on underwater explosion shock wave were investigated.The development process of air interlayer was revealed.At the same time,the influences of thickness and location of air interlayer on its mitigation effects on underwater explosion shock wave were analyzed.The results showed that the closer the distance between airlayer and the projected object,the better the protection effects.The results had important engineering application values.