基于声发射衰减特性的故障行星轮定位研究

摘要

行星齿轮箱是风力机传动装置的重要组成部分，行星轮在低速重载、既自转又公转的复杂环境下容易诱发故障，其故障诊断特别是故障行星轮定位一直是研究重点和难点。建立了行星轮齿轮箱实验装置，模拟了行星轮故障，并利用声发射信号进行故障行星轮定位。实验研究了声发射信号在齿轮内部、齿轮与齿轮之间的传播特性，利用信号的幅值衰减特性简化了故障定位模型。利用信号幅度随信号传播距离增加而呈指数衰减的关系，建立了故障源定位方程组，从而获得故障齿的啮合位置，进一步确定故障行星轮的位置。实验结果表明：利用声发射信号的幅值衰减特性能够较为精确的确定故障行星轮的位置。%Planet gearbox is a crucial component of a wind turbine device,faults are easily caused during it working under complex circumstances,such as,low velocity and heavy load,simultaneous spin and revolution.Its fault diagnosis,especial,faulted planet gear positioning is always focal and difficult to study.Here,the test devices for a planetary gearbox were built to analog planet gear faults,the faulted planet gear positioning was performed with acoustic emission (AE)signals.Firstly,propagation characteristics of acoustic emission signals within and between gears were investigated,the fault positioning model was simplified with the amplitude attenuation characteristics of AE signals. Secondly,equations for fault souce positioning was established based on the exponential decay relation between signal amplitude and its propagation distance to obtain the mesh position of faulted teeth.Furthermore,the position of a faulted planted gear was determined.The test results showed that the location of a faulted planet gear can be accurately determined with the amplitude attenuation characteristics of AE signals.