In recent years, with the expansion of China's economic development and reform to high quality, the intellectual property protection issue attracts more and more attention. Using transaction cost theory and contractual theory, we investigate the nature of IPR and the difficulties of Law protection. Especially, we introduce a kind of contractual protection approach, developed by the market. The contractual arrangement consists of Compensatory Contractual Arrangement(CCR) and Joint Venture(JV), spont-aneously emerging by the firms, under the condition of legal maximum by the China government, can both pricing the tech-nology and supervising how it was used. It's an effective way to protect IPR.% 近年来，伴随着中国经济的崛起和向制造业的高端进军，非正规经济组织的合法性以及知识产权保护成为了对外贸易纠纷中的重要问题。本文将运用交易费用与合约理论，对知识产权的本质特性与法律保护的困难进行深入分析，重点介绍一种由市场主体发展出来的合约保护形式。研究结果表明，由补偿性合约与合资合约共同构成的合约安排是一种由市场自发形成的保护形式，它虽然在政府的合资管制政策下出现，但却能够对技术充分定价并实现有效监督，从而起到保护知识产权的作用。
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