工作无聊及其影响因素的研究评述

摘要

Job boredom was an unpleasant emotional experience with lack of work motivation. The negative emotion makes indivi-duals feel meaningless, uninterested and helpless at work. It is not only being harmful to individual physical and mental health but also lead to individuals' negative work attitude and behaviors such as low job satisfaction and counterproductive work behavior , and then damage the organization development. The research reviewed previous researches on the construct, measurement, and influencing factors of job boredom. The antecedents of job boredom include some individual factors such as personality traits and cognitive characteristics , as well as some organizational factors such as task characteristics , organization rules and interpersonal environment. There are some gaps in previous related researches, for example, inconsistent in definition, inaccuracy in measurement and not clear in development mechanism, etc. Further researches in this field should focus on the basic ideas, the developing mechanism, the positive effect of job boredom and the cultural research perspective.%工作无聊是个体在工作场所中感觉到无意义与工作动机缺失的负面情绪体验，不仅影响个体身心健康，而且会导致个体产生工作不满意感、工作反生产行为等消极态度与行为，对组织绩效产生消极影响。本研究在已有相关研究的基础上对工作无聊的概念、测量与前因变量进行了回顾与总结。工作无聊的前因变量主要包括个体层面的人格特质与认知特征因素，也包括组织层面的工作任务特征、组织规则、人际环境因素。目前工作无聊的相关研究还存在概念不统一、测量不精确、发生机制研究不明晰等问题，未来研究应当从明晰工作无聊的内涵、精确工作无聊的测量方式、探究工作无聊的发生机制、拓展工作无聊的积极效用研究、从文化视角关注工作无聊的研究五方面进行深入分析。