教育收益率的地区差异研究

摘要

The returns to education have great impact on the growth of economy in different areas and the regional economic imbalance. This paper conducts the research on the regional difference of the returns to education from the perspective of the regional economic growth and the results show that the returns to education in east China, measured whether in general or in different gender, is higher than that in mid-west China. The returns to higher education are higher than that to primary and middle school in east China. The returns to primary and middle school are higher than that to higher education in mid-west China. Women's returns to education, whether measured in general or in different educational levels, are higher than that of man both in east China and mid-west China. The implications of the conclusions above are that the returns to education, especially to higher education must be improved in mid-west china. The financial input to higher education must be kept sustainable growth , meanwhile the cost for higher education must be decreased. The educational rights of women must be guaranteed and the women in special group must be insured that they can receive , at least, the education from primary and middle school.%教育收益率的高低对不同地区的经济增长速度和地区经济差异有着重要的影响。文章从区域经济增长的角度出发，对教育收益率的区域差异进行研究，研究结果显示：无论是从总体上看还是从性别看来，东部地区的教育收益率普遍高于中西部地区；在东部地区，高等教育的收益率高于中小学教育的收益率；在中西部地区，高等教育收益率低于中小学教育收益率。无论在东部还是在西部，从总体上看还是从教育层次看，女性的教育收益率均高于男性。上述结论的政策启示是：中西部地区要夯实提高教育收益率特别是高等教育的收益率的产业基础和市场基础；必须保持对高等教育财政投入的不断增长，努力降低高等教育的私人成本；要保障女性受教育的权利，在一些特殊群体中，至少要保证女性接受中小学教育的权利。