单一范式还是多元范式——认知视角下译者主体研究的跨学科思考

摘要

Studies on Translators' subjectivity from the cultural or cognitive paradigm have their respec- tive pitfalls in that the cultural one focuses on external macro-environment and inter-subjectivity while the cognitive one highlights translators' linguistic psychology. The multifaceted translator indicates that trans- lator' s cognition embraces linguistic and socio-cuhural dimensions; which can find its supports from em- bodied philosophy, Bourdieu' s habitus and the disciplinary establishment of translation studies itself. In this view, the integrated paradigm for translators' cognitive studies is proposed.%单一范式下文化视角或认知视角的译者主体研究，要么过度关注译者的普遍性和主客体间多元关系，要么侧重于译者的个体体验和内部思维特别是语言心智，都无法充分诠释译者的翻译选择和决策。多元合一的译者主体及其构成性的认知过程表明译者主体的认知是内部的语言认知与外部社会文化认知的统一体。体验哲学中客观实际优于主体认知的思想，布尔丢生存心态及翻译学的语言本体与外部文化之争为认知视角下译者主体研究的社会文化认知研究提供了可靠的学科理据，支持译者认知研究的多元范式之路。