支持大数据管理的NoSQL系统研究综述

摘要

Many specific application oriented NoSQL database systems are developed for satisfying the new requirement of big data management. This paper surveys researches on typical NoSQL database based on key-value data model. First, the characteristics of big data, and the key technique issues supporting big data management are introduced. Then frontier efforts and research challenges are given, including system architecture, data model, access mode, index, transaction, system elasticity, load balance, replica strategy, data consistency, flash cache, MapReduce based data process and new generation data management system etc. Finally, research prospects are given.%　　针对大数据管理的新需求，呈现出了许多面向特定应用的NoSQL数据库系统。针对基于key-value数据模型的 NoSQL 数据库的相关研究进行综述。首先，介绍了大数据的特点以及支持大数据管理系统面临的关键技术问题；然后，介绍了相关前沿研究和研究挑战，其中典型的包括系统体系结构、数据模型、访问方式、索引技术、事务特性、系统弹性、动态负载均衡、副本策略、数据一致性策略、基于flash的多级缓存机制、基于MapReduce的数据处理策略和新一代数据管理系统等；最后给出了研究展望。