基于运行时模型的无线传感网管理方法

摘要

无线传感网是物联网的核心，主要解决物联网中的信息感知问题，通过散布在特定区域的成千上万的传感器节点，采集环境中各种信息并连接到互联网上。然而，传感设备所采集到的数据是实时的、数量庞大且无良好结构的，要将采集到的数据映射到应用系统的问题域空间，就不得不编写大量的映射代码。为了快速定制和开发物联网系统，提出一种基于运行时模型的无线传感网管理方法：首先，在传感设备管理接口基础上构造运行时模型，并维护运行时模型与采集到信息的数据同步；其次，基于运行时模型，对不同传感设备采集到的数据进行定制、抽取和合并，实现通过组合模型对场景中不同的传感设备进行统一管理；最后，通过模型转换，实现组合模型到应用场景模型的映射，从而能够面向应用场景进行物联网系统的开发。还实现了基于运行时模型的智慧社区原型系统，并对方法的可行性和有效性进行了验证。%Wireless sensor network (WSN) plays an important role in the field of IOT (Internet of things), which performs the function of information perception. Thousands of devices as well as sensors are spread in specific areas to collect all kinds of physical information to pass onto the Internet. However, the data gethered from sensors’ interfaces is real-time, extremely large and unstructured, hence requiring great effort in mapping to the conceptual application layer. To customize and develop IOT systems more efficiently, this paper proposes an approach based on runtime model to managing wireless sensor networks. First, manageability of wireless sensors is abstracted as runtime models which automatically and immediately propagate any observable runtime changes of target resources to corresponding architecture models. Second, a composite model of wireless sensors is constructed through merging their runtime models in order to manage different kinds of devices in a unified way. Third, a customized model is constructed according to the personalized management requirement and the synchronization between the customized model and the composite model is ensured through model transformation. Thus, all the management tasks can be carried through executing operating programs on the customized model. The feasibility and efficiency of the approach are validated through a real case study of smart community.