概率模型下的一种优化覆盖算法

摘要

覆盖率不仅是评价无线传感器网络体系性能的重要标准之一,也是无线传感器网络所研究的一项重点课题.为此,提出了一种概率模型下优化覆盖算法.该算法通过对概率覆盖模型的计算,给出了传感器节点覆盖的期望值和公差的求解过程以及对所关注目标节点进行首次覆盖后的期望值证明过程.在网络能量方面则通过节点状态调度策略对通信路径进行优化,证明节点能量衰减过程中,拟合函数极限存在的意义,实现了传感器节点能量的有效匹配,抑制了传感器节点能量的消耗,证明了优化后整个监测区域传感器节点覆盖函数之间的关系.仿真实验结果表明,该算法不仅提高了覆盖和网络服务质量,而且有效地抑制了网络能量开销,延长了网络生存周期.%Coverage rate is not only an important criteria to assess wireless sensor network but also a key research subject. An optimized coverage algorithm driven by probability model is proposed in this paper. The solution of expectation value of sensor nodes coverage and tolerance as well as the verification process of expectation value of first coverage of concerned target nodes are obtained by calculation of probability coverage model. Regarding network energy, communication path is optimized by means of scheduling policy of node state. As for decrement in node energy, the significance of existence for fitting functional limit is proven. Thus, the energy of sensor nodes matches effectively and the consumption of node energy is restrained. The relationship among coverage functions of sensor nodes in the optimized monitoring area is proven. The simulation experiment shows the proposed algorithm can improve the quality of coverage and the service of network, restrain the consumption of network energy, and prolong the network lifetime.